Umuyoboro w'icyuma

Ibikoresho byo gushiraho kashe birimo ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, ibyuma bivanze nibindi bikoresho.Inkokora ya karubone inkokora irahendutse kandi ikoreshwa mubwinshi.Inkokora y'ibyuma ikoreshwa mu mwanya wihariye.

Ibyuma
Itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati yinkuta zidafite ingese hamwe ninkokora ya karubone ni itandukaniro ryibintu.Ibigize imiti bikubiye mu nkokora bizagumisha hejuru yinkokora ingese igihe kirekire kandi ntibyoroshye kubora.

Ibyuma bitagira umwanda nicyuma gifite ibyuma bitagira umwanda hamwe no kurwanya ruswa nkibiranga nyamukuru, hamwe na chromium byibuze 10.5% hamwe na karubone ntarengwa ya 1.2%.

Ibyuma bya austenitike bidafite ibyuma byubaka cyane cyane imiterere ya austenitike (γ icyiciro) ifite isura ya cube ishingiye kumaso, itari magnetique kandi ishimangirwa cyane nimirimo ikonje (kandi ishobora kuganisha kubintu bimwe na bimwe bya magneti).

Austenitike-ferritic (duplex) ibyuma bitagira umwanda
Matrix ifite ibyiciro bibiri bya austenite na ferrite (ibikubiye mucyiciro gito muri rusange birenze 15%), kandi ni ibyuma bitagira umwanda bifite magnetique kandi bishobora gushimangirwa nakazi gakonje.

Matrisa ya ferritic idafite ibyuma byubaka cyane cyane imiterere ya ferrite (α icyiciro) hamwe nububiko bushingiye ku mubiri bwa cubic kristaliste, ikaba ari magnetique kandi muri rusange ntishobora gukomera no kuvura ubushyuhe, ariko nicyuma kidafite ingese gishobora gushimangirwa gato nubukonje gukora.

Matrix ya martensitike idafite ibyuma ni imiterere ya martensite, ni magnetique, kandi imiterere yubukanishi irashobora guhindurwa no kuvura ubushyuhe.

Imvura ikomera ibyuma bitagira umwanda
Icyuma kidafite ingese matrix ni austenite cyangwa martensite kandi irashobora gukomera (gushimangirwa) no gukomera kwimvura (bizwi kandi no gukomera kwimyaka).