Ⅰ- AcideGutoragura
1.-Ibisobanuro byaAcide-Pkurigata: Acide ikoreshwa mugukuraho igipimo cya oxyde ya chimique muburyo bwa concentration, ubushyuhe, n'umuvuduko, ibyo bita gutoragura.
2.- Acide-Gutoranya ibyiciro: Ukurikije ubwoko bwa aside, igabanyijemo aside aside ya sulfurike, gufata aside hydrochloric, gufata aside nitric, no gufata aside hydrofluoric.Ibitangazamakuru bitandukanye bigomba gutoranywa kugirango bitorwe hashingiwe ku bikoresho byibyuma, nko gutoranya ibyuma bya karubone hamwe na aside sulfurike na aside hydrochloric, cyangwa gutora ibyuma bitagira umwanda bivanze na aside nitric na aside hydrofluoric.
Ukurikije imiterere yicyuma, igabanijwemo gufata insinga, guhimba ibyuma, gufata ibyuma, gufata ibyuma, nibindi.
Ukurikije ubwoko bwibikoresho byo gutoragura, bigabanijwemo gutoragura tanki, gutoranya igice gikomeza, gutoranya byuzuye, no gutora umunara.
3.- Ihame ryo gufata aside: Gutoragura aside ni inzira yo kuvana umunzani wa oxyde ya fer hejuru yicyuma ukoresheje uburyo bwa chimique, niyo mpamvu nanone bita aside aside.Umunzani wa oxyde ya fer (Fe203, Fe304, Fe0) wakozwe hejuru yimiyoboro yicyuma ni oxyde yibanze idashobora gushonga mumazi.Iyo zishizwe mumuti wa acide cyangwa zatewe umuti wa acide hejuru, iyi oxyde yibanze irashobora guhinduka murukurikirane rwimiti hamwe na aside.
Bitewe n'imiterere irekuye, yuzuye, kandi yacitsemo igipimo cya oxyde hejuru yicyuma cyubatswe na karubone cyangwa ibyuma bito bito, bifatanije no kugoreka inshuro nyinshi igipimo cya oxyde hamwe nicyuma cya strip mugihe cyo kugorora, kugorora impagarara, no gutwara kuri gutoranya umurongo, utwo dusimba twa pore turusheho kwiyongera no kwaguka.Kubwibyo rero, umuti wa acide ukora hamwe nubunini bwa oxyde ya chimique kandi ikanakorana nicyuma cya substrate icyuma kinyuze mumyenge.Nukuvuga ko, mugitangira cyo gukaraba aside, reaction eshatu za chimique hagati yubunini bwa okiside yicyuma nicyuma cyicyuma hamwe nigisubizo cya acide ikorerwa icyarimwe umunzani wa okiside ya Iron oxyde ikora imiti hamwe na acide hanyuma ugashonga (gusesa) Icyuma cyuma gikora na aside kuri kubyara gaze ya hydrogène, ikuramo imashini ya oxyde (ingaruka yo gukanika imashini) hydrogène ya atome yakozwe igabanya okiside ya fer kuri okiside ferrous ikunda kwibasirwa na aside, hanyuma ikagira aside ikurwaho (kugabanya).
Ⅱ-Passivation/ Kudakora / Gukuraho
1.- Ihame rya Passivation: Uburyo bwa passivation bushobora gusobanurwa nigitekerezo cya firime yoroheje, cyerekana ko passivation iterwa no gukorana kwibyuma nibintu bya okiside, bikabyara ibintu byoroshye cyane, byuzuye, bitwikiriye neza, kandi byerekana neza firime ya passivasi hejuru yicyuma.Uru rupapuro rwa firime rubaho nkicyiciro cyigenga, mubisanzwe uruvange rwibyuma bya okiside.Ifite uruhare mu gutandukanya burundu icyuma nigikoresho cyangirika, ikabuza icyuma guhura nikintu cyangirika, bityo ahanini kigahagarika isenyuka ryicyuma kandi kigakora leta yoroheje kugirango igere ku ngaruka zo kurwanya ruswa.
2.- Ibyiza bya passivation:
1) Ugereranije nuburyo gakondo bwo gufunga umubiri, kuvura passivation bifite ibiranga rwose kutongera umubyimba wumurimo wakazi no guhindura ibara, kunoza neza no kongerera agaciro ibicuruzwa, bigatuma ibikorwa byoroha;
2) Bitewe nuburyo budasubirwaho bwimikorere ya passivation, agent passivation irashobora kongerwaho inshuro nyinshi no gukoreshwa, bikavamo igihe kirekire kandi nigiciro cyubukungu.
3) Passivation iteza imbere gushiraho firime ya ogisijeni ya molekile yimiterere ya passivation hejuru yicyuma, ikaba yoroheje kandi ihamye mumikorere, kandi ikagira ingaruka zo kwikosora mukirere icyarimwe.Kubwibyo, ugereranije nuburyo gakondo bwo gutwikira amavuta ya antirust, firime ya passivation yakozwe na passivation irahagaze neza kandi irwanya ruswa.Inyinshi mu ngaruka zishyurwa murwego rwa oxyde zifitanye isano itaziguye cyangwa itaziguye na gahunda ya okiside yumuriro.Ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 800-1250℃, uburyo bwa okiside yumuriro ukoresheje ogisijeni yumye, ogisijeni itose, cyangwa umwuka wamazi ufite ibyiciro bitatu bikomeza.Ubwa mbere, ogisijeni mu kirere cy’ibidukikije yinjira mu gice cya oxyde yakozwe, hanyuma ogisijeni ikwirakwira imbere binyuze muri dioxyde de silicon.Iyo igeze kuri interineti ya Si02-Si, ikora na silicon kugirango ikore dioxyde nshya ya silicon.Muri ubu buryo, inzira ikomeza yo gukwirakwiza ogisijeni yinjira ibaho, bigatuma silikoni yegereye intera ihora ihinduka silika, kandi igice cya oxyde gikura cyerekeza imbere muri wafer ya silicon ku kigero runaka.
Ⅲ- Fosifati
Kuvura fosifati nigisubizo cyimiti ikora urwego rwa firime (firime ya fosifati) hejuru. Uburyo bwo kuvura fosifate bukoreshwa cyane cyane hejuru yicyuma, hagamijwe gutanga firime ikingira icyuma mu kirere no kwirinda ruswa;Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nka primer kubicuruzwa bimwe mbere yo gushushanya.Hamwe niyi firime ya fosifatique, irashobora kunoza kwangirika no kwangirika kwurwego rwirangi, kunoza imitako, no gutuma hejuru yicyuma hasa neza.Irashobora kandi kugira uruhare rwo gusiga amavuta mubikorwa bimwe bikonje bikora.
Nyuma yo kuvura fosifati, igihangano ntigishobora okiside cyangwa ingese igihe kinini, bityo rero gukoresha imiti ya fosifati ni nini cyane kandi nuburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwo kuvura ibyuma.Irakoreshwa cyane mu nganda nk'imodoka, amato, no gukora imashini.
1.- Gutondekanya no gushyira mu bikorwa fosifati
Mubisanzwe, kuvura hejuru bizerekana ibara ritandukanye, ariko kuvura fosifati birashobora gushingira kubikenewe nyabyo ukoresheje ibintu bitandukanye bya fosifati kugirango ugaragaze amabara atandukanye.Niyo mpamvu dukunze kubona ubuvuzi bwa fosifati mu ibara, ibara, cyangwa umukara.
Fosifate y'icyuma: nyuma ya fosifati, hejuru izerekana ibara ry'umukororombya n'ubururu, bityo nanone bita fosifore y'amabara.Igisubizo cya fosifatiya gikoresha cyane cyane molybdate nkibikoresho fatizo, bizakora umukororombya wibara ryumukororombya wa fosifati hejuru yibikoresho byibyuma, kandi bikoreshwa cyane cyane mugushushanya irangi ryo hasi, kugirango bigerweho no kwangirika kwangirika kwakazi no kunoza neza. Bya Ubuso.
JINBAICHENG ni uruganda rukora imiyoboro yicyuma mu Bushinwa, Turashobora gukora no gutanga imiyoboro idafite ibyuma, umuyoboro usudira, umuyoboro wa ssaw, umuyoboro wa gi hamwe nubuso bwa Acide-Pkurigata, Passivation, na Fosifati.Dutanga serivise yihariye kandi izaguha igisubizo cyiza kumishinga yawe.Twandikire kubiciro byiza:https://www.sdjbcmetal.com/icyuma-umuyoboro-series/ imeri:jinbaichengmetal@gmail.com cyangwa WhatsApp kurihttps://wa.me/18854809715
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-12-2023