1. Ibisobanuro n'ibiranga ibyuma bidafite ingese
Icyuma kizengurutse icyuma cyerekana ibintu birebire bifite uruziga rumwe ruzengurutse, muri rusange rufite metero enye z'uburebure, rushobora kugabanywamo uruziga rworoshye kandi rwirabura. Ubuso buzengurutse buringaniye kandi butunganywa na quasi-kuzunguruka; hejuru yumukara hejuru yumukara kandi harakomeye kandi birashyushye-byuzuye.
Icyuma kizengurutse ibyuma gifite ibintu byinshi byiza. Ubwa mbere, kurwanya okiside yayo biragaragara. Kurugero, 310S ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bizenguruka bifite imbaraga nyinshi zo kunyerera bitewe nijanisha ryinshi rya chromium na nikel, irashobora gukomeza gukora mubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi ifite ubukana bwiza bwo hejuru. Icya kabiri, ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa. Kurugero, 316L ibyuma bitagira umuringa bizengurutswe bifite ruswa irwanya ruswa cyane cyane irwanya ruswa, bitewe no kongeramo Mo, kandi kugaragara kwibicuruzwa bikonje bikonje bifite urumuri rwiza; nyuma yo kongeramo Mo kuri 316 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya ikirere hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru nibyiza cyane, kandi birashobora gukoreshwa mubihe bibi. Byongeye kandi, icyuma kizunguruka kitagira umuyonga gifite imiterere yubukanishi, nka 304 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bifite ibyuma birwanya ruswa, birwanya ubushyuhe, imbaraga zubushyuhe buke hamwe nubukanishi, kandi birwanya ruswa mu kirere. Muri icyo gihe, ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bizenguruka bifite isuku kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye ninganda zibiribwa nibikoresho byo kubaga. Mubyongeyeho, ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bizengurutse ubwiza, hamwe nuburinganire bwiza. Birashobora gutunganyirizwa hejuru yinganda, gusukwa hejuru, hejuru yumucyo kandi birashobora kongera gusukurwa ukurikije ibikenewe bitandukanye.
2. Gukoresha ibyuma bidafite ingese
2.1 Urwego runini rwibisabwa
Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bizengurutswe kandi bigira uruhare runini mubice byinshi. Mu rwego rwo kubaka ubwato, kurwanya ruswa no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi bituma ihitamo ibintu byiza byo gukora ibikoresho bya hull nibikoresho byubwato. Mu nganda zikomoka kuri peteroli, utubari tuzengurutse ibyuma dushobora kwihanganira isuri y’imiti itandukanye yangirika kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu kubaka ibikoresho by’imiti n’imiyoboro. Mu nganda z’ibiribwa, utubari tw’ibyuma bitagira umwanda dukoreshwa mu mashini zitunganya ibiryo, mu bikoresho, no mu miyoboro. kubera isuku yabo nziza no kurwanya ruswa. Urwego rwubuvuzi narwo rusabwa cyane cyane isuku. Ibikoresho byo kubaga n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi bikozwe mu tubari tuzengurutse ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge bw'isuku.
Kubijyanye no gushushanya inyubako, ibyuma bizengurutswe ibyuma birashobora gukoreshwa mugukora skeleton yubatswe yinyubako, ibice bitandukanye byo gushushanya, intoki, inzugi nidirishya, nibindi. inyubako. Mubyongeyeho, murwego rwibikoresho byo mu gikoni, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni bikozwe mu byuma bizengurutse ibyuma biramba kandi byiza. Ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho bitanga umusaruro, nk'ibikoresho byo gukoresha amazi yo mu nyanja, imiti, amarangi, gukora impapuro, aside ya oxyde, ifumbire n'ibindi bikoresho bitanga umusaruro, utubari tuzengurutse ibyuma bitagira umwanda. Kurwanya ruswa irashobora kwemeza imikorere yigihe kirekire kandi ihamye yibikoresho mubidukikije.
3. Gutondekanya ibikoresho byuma bidafite ingese
3.1 Intangiriro kubikoresho bisanzwe
301 Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga: Umuyoboro mwiza, ukoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa byakozwe. Irashobora kandi gukomera kumuvuduko wimashini, ifite gusudira neza, kandi ifite imbaraga zo kwambara no kunanirwa kuruta 304 ibyuma bitagira umwanda.
304 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga: Nibikoreshwa cyane muri chromium-nikel ibyuma bidafite ingese hamwe no kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya ubushyuhe, imbaraga nke zubushyuhe hamwe nubukanishi. Irwanya ruswa. Niba ari ikirere cyinganda cyangwa agace kanduye cyane, bigomba gusukurwa mugihe kugirango birinde ruswa.
303 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga: Biroroshye guca hejuru ya 304 wongeyeho gake ya sulfure na fosifore, nibindi bintu bisa na 304.
316 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga: Nyuma ya 304, nubwoko bwa kabiri bukoreshwa cyane mubyuma, cyane cyane mubiribwa n'ibikoresho byo kubaga. Kuberako hiyongereyeho Mo, irwanya ruswa, irwanya ruswa yo mu kirere hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru ni byiza cyane, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mubihe bibi; akazi keza gakomeye (non-magnetique).
316L ibyuma bitagira umuyonga: Ibicuruzwa bikonje bikonje bifite isura nziza kandi nziza; kubera kongeramo Mo, ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa, cyane cyane irwanya piting; imbaraga zidasanzwe zo hejuru; akazi keza gakomeye (imbaraga za magnetisme nyuma yo gutunganya); itari magnetique muburyo bukomeye bwo gukemura.
304L ibyuma bitagira umuyonga: Ni variant ya 304 ibyuma bitagira umwanda bifite karubone yo hasi kandi bikoreshwa mugihe bikenewe gusudira. Ibiri munsi ya karubone bigabanya imvura ya karbide mukarere katewe nubushyuhe hafi ya weld, kandi imvura ya karbide irashobora gutera kwangirika hagati yimiterere (isuri yo gusudira) ibyuma bitagira umwanda mubidukikije.
321 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga: Ti yongewemo ibyuma 304 kugirango wirinde kwangirika hagati, kandi birakwiriye gukoreshwa mubushyuhe bwa 430 ℃ - 900 ℃. Usibye ko ibyago byo kwangirika kw'ibikoresho byo gusudira bigabanuka hiyongereyeho titanium, indi mitungo isa na 304.
2520 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga: Ifite ubushyuhe bwiza bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe hamwe na okiside, kandi irashobora gukora neza igihe kirekire mubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
201 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga: Ni chromium-nikel-manganese austenitis ibyuma bitagira umuyonga hamwe na magnetisme make kandi bihendutse. Bikunze gukoreshwa mubihe aho kurwanya ruswa bitaba hejuru cyane ariko birakenewe gukomera nimbaraga.
2202 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga: Ni chromium-nikel-manganese austenitic ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bifite imikorere myiza kurenza 201 ibyuma.
3.2 Gushyira mu bikorwa itandukaniro ryibikoresho bitandukanye
Mu nganda za peteroli, 316L na 316 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bikoreshwa cyane mu kubaka ibikoresho bya peteroli n’imiyoboro kubera guhangana neza kwangirika no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi. Mu nganda za elegitoroniki, 304 na 304L ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bikoreshwa mu nzu no mu bice by'imbere mu bikoresho bya elegitoroniki kubera imikorere myiza yo gutunganya no kurwanya ruswa. Mu nganda zikora imiti, hakoreshwa utubari twinshi twuma twibikoresho bitandukanye, kandi ibikoresho bikwiye byatoranijwe ukurikije imiti itandukanye hamwe n’ibidukikije bikora. Kurugero, kumiti yangirika cyane, 316L na 316 ibyuma bizengurutse ibyuma birakwiriye; mugihe kubikoresho rusange bikoresha imiti, 304 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga birashobora kuzuza ibisabwa.
Mu nganda zimiti, ibisabwa byisuku ni byinshi cyane. 316L na 304L ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byo kubaga, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, nibindi bitewe no kurwanya ruswa neza no gukora isuku. Mu nganda z’ibiribwa, utubari 304 na 316 twizengurutsa ibyuma ni ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa, bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa by’isuku n’ibisabwa kurwanya ruswa mu gihe cyo gutunganya ibiribwa.
Mu nganda zimashini, ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bizengurutse ibikoresho bitandukanye byatoranijwe ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye bya mashini. Kurugero, kubice bisaba imbaraga nyinshi no kwambara birwanya, urashobora guhitamo ibyuma 420 bitagira umuyonga; kubice bisaba imikorere myiza yo gutunganya, urashobora guhitamo 303 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga.
Mu nganda zubaka, 304 na 316 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bikoreshwa mu bice bishushanya no kumiterere yinyubako. Kurwanya kwangirika kwabo hamwe nuburanga birashobora kongerera agaciro inyubako. Mu bidukikije bimwe bidasanzwe byubatswe, nkibidukikije byo ku nyanja cyangwa chlorine irimo ibidukikije, kurwanya ruswa ya 316L ibyuma bitagira ibyuma bizenguruka cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-31-2024